Volcanoes Community Resilience Project: Conservation, Tourism, and Economic Development
A Long-Term Vision for Sustainable Growth in the Volcanoes National Park Region
The Project in Short:
- The Volcanoes Community Resilience Project (VCRP) is scheduled to be implemented from 2023 to 2028. The project was approved in September 2023 and is expected to run until December 31, 2028
- Expand and restore the Volcanoes National Park to improve biodiversity conservation.
- Reduce the risk of flooding and soil erosion, enhancing land productivity.
- The Mountain Gorilla Population will increase by up to 25%
- Support economic diversification and job creation in local communities.
- More visitors the area will be accommodated
The Volcanoes Community Resilience Project (VCRP) is a large-scale initiative designed to expand Volcanoes National Park (VNP), protect its growing mountain gorilla population, and support sustainable economic development in the surrounding communities. This project is a collaboration between the Government of Rwanda, international development partners, and conservation organizations, aiming to balance ecological conservation with community livelihoods and long-term economic resilience.
One of the key components of the project is the 23% expansion of VNP, increasing its size by approximately 3,481 hectares over multiple phases. The first phase will focus on 732.5 hectares, ensuring that the gorilla population has more space to thrive while reducing human-wildlife conflicts. This expansion will also create opportunities for new conservation programs, eco-tourism ventures, and improved land management strategies that will benefit both the environment and local communities.
Beyond conservation, the VCRP also addresses climate resilience and disaster risk management, particularly in an area prone to flooding and soil erosion. Large-scale afforestation, improved watershed management, and sustainable land-use planning will help stabilize the environment while protecting homes, farms, and infrastructure. This approach is designed to ensure that both wildlife and people can coexist in a way that is beneficial to all
The Role of Tourism and Hospitality in Economic Development
Tourism is one of Rwanda’s most significant economic drivers, with Volcanoes National Park being one of the country’s top tourist attractions. The park is globally recognized for its mountain gorilla trekking experiences, drawing thousands of visitors annually. The VCRP’s expansion will allow for better-managed tourism activities, creating a balance between visitor demand and conservation efforts.
The growth of tourism in the region will naturally lead to a greater demand for accommodations, restaurants, and visitor services. The hospitality industry in Musanze District, which serves as the gateway to VNP, has already seen steady growth, but with the expansion, there is room for more eco-lodges, boutique hotels, and supporting infrastructure. Investments in sustainable tourism models will not only enhance the visitor experience but also ensure that local communities benefit from tourism revenues through employment and business opportunities.
Furthermore, the project will introduce new community-based tourism initiatives, allowing visitors to engage with local culture, traditional crafts, and guided experiences beyond gorilla trekking. This shift towards diversified tourism offerings will contribute to a more resilient economy, reducing dependency on a single type of attraction while promoting heritage tourism, adventure tourism, and conservation education programs.
Infrastructure and Real Estate Development
As tourism expands, so does the need for adequate infrastructure to support it. The project emphasizes sustainable urban planning and eco-friendly development in Musanze and surrounding areas. One of the key initiatives under VCRP is the development of Smart Green Villages, which will provide modern housing and community facilities for residents relocated due to the park expansion. These villages will integrate renewable energy solutions, climate-resilient housing, and improved water management systems, serving as models for future urban development in Rwanda.
The expansion of hotels, lodges, and commercial centers in Musanze is expected to create new business opportunities for local entrepreneurs, ranging from food production and supply chains to handicrafts and guided tour services. The real estate market in the region is also set to benefit, with increased demand for both residential and commercial properties as more businesses and professionals move into the area.
Community Benefits and Job Creation
A major focus of the VCRP is ensuring that local communities benefit directly from conservation and tourism growth. One way this is being achieved is through livelihood diversification programs, which provide training and financial support for community members to develop skills in hospitality, sustainable agriculture, and nature-based enterprises.
For communities traditionally dependent on subsistence farming, these programs offer an opportunity to transition into higher-value economic activities that are less vulnerable to climate change and environmental degradation. Women and youth are a particular focus, with targeted initiatives aimed at increasing their participation in entrepreneurship, tourism services, and conservation-based employment.
In addition to creating formal jobs in park management, hotel operations, and tourism services, the project will also support local cooperatives involved in crafts, food production, and small-scale agribusinesses. This ensures that economic benefits are widely distributed and that communities have a vested interest in protecting the park and its biodiversity.
Long-Term Environmental and Economic Sustainability
By integrating biodiversity conservation, climate resilience, and sustainable economic development, the Volcanoes Community Resilience Project represents a holistic approach to balancing conservation with human development. This project not only safeguards Rwanda’s unique natural heritage but also sets the stage for sustainable growth in tourism, infrastructure, and community-based industries.
For potential investors, tourism operators, and conservation organizations, the expansion of Volcanoes National Park presents a rare opportunity to be part of a forward-thinking initiative that benefits both nature and people. As the project progresses, it will serve as a model for how conservation-driven economic growth can be successfully implemented in Africa and beyond.
For visitors, the project ensures that future generations will continue to experience the wonder of Volcanoes National Park, while also supporting local communities and sustainable tourism initiatives.
This initiative is not just about expanding a national park; it’s about creating a sustainable future for the region—one that benefits wildlife, local communities, and the broader economy.
More information
The full project is being funded by the world bank in parnership with the Rwandan Government and RDB.
World Bank Project Description an be found here